The 1965 War By Shiv Kunal Verma
Shiv Kunal Verma is an Indian military historian and a documentary filmmaker who has produced documentaries on Indian defence services, particularly the Kargil War. He is perhaps best known for the book 1962: The War That Wasn’t, a study of the Sino-Indian War that occurred in 1962 between India and China. Verma was educated at The Doon School and Madras Christian College. He has written a book on The 1965 War. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India. The conflict began following Pakistan’s Operation Gibraltar, which was designed to infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir to precipitate an insurgency against Indian rule. India retaliated by launching a full-scale military attack on West Pakistan. The seventeen-day war caused thousands of casualties on both sides and witnessed the largest engagement of armored vehicles and the largest tank battle since World War II. India had the upper hand over Pakistan when the ceasefire was declared. Although the two countries fought to a standoff, the conflict is seen as a strategic and political defeat for Pakistan, as it had neither succeeded in fomenting insurrection in Kashmir[33] nor had it been able to gain meaningful support at an international level.